"بهير د جمال" کښې طنزيه افکار : يو تحقيقي جاج

SATIRICAL THOUGHTS IN "BEHIR D JAMAL":AN INVESTIGATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

The tradition of satire in Pashto poetry is ancient and deeply embedded in Pashtun literary culture. Pashtun poets, both consciously and unconsciously, have employed satirical themes to critique societal norms, highlight injustices, and provoke thought among their audience. Satire, distinct from humor or simple jokes, often carries a deeper, more specific purpose aimed at reform and social reconstruction. This tradition has been maintained and further developed by Pashtun poets across generations. Dr. Ali Khel Daryab, a notable contemporary poet, has used satire extensively in his poetry as a tool for social commentary. His book Baheer de Jamal serves as a prime example of how satire can be used to address contemporary issues while also reflecting cultural and social concerns. This paper examines the satirical elements in Baheer de Jamal, analyzing how Ali’s poetic technique not only entertains but also challenges the status quo, urging reflection and change. The study will be beneficial for researchers and literature students, offering insights into the continued relevance of satire in Pashto poetry and its role in shaping societal discourse.