طلسمانوی (Fantastic)ادب کے ناقدین : ایک جائزہ

CRITICS OF FANTASTIC LITERATURE: A REVIEW

Abstract

The study of fantastic literature, encompassing folklore and fairy tales, has been enriched by the contributions of several notable critics, each offering unique perspectives on its structural and thematic significance. Jack Zipes emphasizes the socio-cultural utility of fairy tales, exploring their linguistic roots and societal roles while critiquing their commercialization. Mircea Eliade examines the spiritual and mythic dimensions, linking fairy tales to religious and eternal human experiences. Bruno Bettelheim applies Freudian psychoanalysis to highlight the psychological impact of fairy tales, particularly on children, addressing themes of darkness and emotional growth. Rosemary Jackson views fantastic literature as a subversive force, challenging societal constraints and expressing unfulfilled desires. Max Lüthi analyzes the narrative structure of fairy tales, emphasizing their timeless and tangible qualities. Joseph Campbell explores universal mythic patterns, advocating for following one’s bliss, while Sigmund Freud and Carl Gustav Jung delve into the unconscious, connecting fairy tales to dreams and collective archetypes. This article evaluates their qualitative contributions, assessing their critical approaches and their impact on understanding fantastic literature as a medium of cultural, psychological, and spiritual significance.