DISCLOSING PSYCHOLOGICAL UPHEAVALS OF PRIMARILY UN-FERTILIZED YOUNG SPOUSES IN PUNJAB THROUGH THEIR LANGUAGE

Abstract

Primary infertility is a social stigma that either causes suffering socially, morally, and spiritually or deteriorates the life scenario for spouses in any cultural setting. This study aims to explore psychological upheavals caused by primary infertility among young spouses in Punjab. The study draws insights from a qualitative ethnographic approach and conducts semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. Thirty participants for interviews and ten were selected in focus group discussions as the sample for the study, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that infertility was not merely a medical condition but a profoundly emotional and social phenomenon, especially for women in patriarchal societies like Punjab, Pakistan. Participants consistently expressed intense emotional distress, grief, shame, guilt, anxiety, and depression in their language. These emotional responses were closely tied to strained marital relationships, social stigma, identity crises, and feelings of inadequacy. Divine belief is also firmed among the participants. Finally, the study highlights the importance of addressing infertility not only as a biomedical issue but also as a mental health and socio-cultural crisis. Healthcare systems, particularly in South Asia, must adopt a more holistic, gender-sensitive, and culturally informed approach to care. Psychosocial interventions, awareness campaigns, and accessible counseling services are essential to support the emotional well-being of young infertile couples.