حضرت عثمان غنیؓ اور حضرت علیؓ کے اقتصادی و تجارتی اصول اور عصر حاضر کی بزنس ایتھکس سے مطابقت

Economic and Commercial Principles of Caliph ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān (RA) and Caliph ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (RA) and Their Relevance to Contemporary Business Ethics

Abstract

The economic and commercial principles of Caliph ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān (RA) and Caliph ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (RA) represent luminous chapters in Islamic history that not only consolidated the economic foundations of their era but also laid down enduring ethical and practical guidelines for future generations. Caliph ʿUthmān (RA) established a transparent financial system, promoted honesty and trust in trade, and ensured equitable distribution of wealth, thus strengthening the Islamic economy on solid grounds. On the other hand, Caliph ʿAlī (RA) emphasized justice, equality, the significance of hard work, and ethical decision-making even under limited resources.In contemporary business ethics, values such as transparency, corporate social responsibility (CSR), accountability, environmental protection, avoidance of exploitation, and fairness in resource distribution are regarded as fundamental. These values resonate directly with the Qur’ānic injunctions and Prophetic Sunnah, as reflected in the practical governance and economic conduct of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. The prohibition of ribā (usury), avoidance of fraud, encouragement of diligence and honesty, and commitment to distributive justice form the backbone of Islamic economics and are equally compatible with modern business ethics and international governance standards.

This study highlights that Islamic economic principles are not confined to a particular time or context; rather, they are universal, timeless, and sustainable. The economic and commercial practices of Caliph ʿUthmān (RA) and Caliph ʿAlī (RA) provide authentic, ethical, and durable foundations for today’s corporate sector and global economic models. Thus, this research establishes that Islamic business ethics are not merely religious directives but also serve as guiding frameworks for contemporary business practices, offering global economies a path toward justice, transparency, and ethical sustainability.