مقاصدِ شریعت کے استخراج کے اُصول و ضوابط: ایک تجزیاتی جائزہ

"AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE PRINCIPLES AND METHODOLOGIES FOR INFERRING THE MAQASID AL-SHARI‘AH"

Abstract

This research paper explores the methodological and juristic principles governing the extraction of Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah (the objectives of Islamic law), presenting a critical and analytical inquiry into the frameworks developed by classical and contemporary scholars of uṣūl al-fiqh. Islamic law is not a static set of rulings, but a dynamic and purposeful system that aims to establish justice, welfare, and mercy in human society. The identification and application of these objectives require a disciplined approach that draws upon both textual evidences and rational inference.

The study particularly examines how renowned jurists such as Imām al-Shāṭibī, ʿIzz al-Dīn ibn ʿAbd al-Salām, and others laid foundational methodologies for deriving Maqāṣid through inductive reasoning (istiqrāʾ), consideration of public interest (maṣlaḥah), and the analysis of legal maxims. Furthermore, the paper addresses the increasing relevance of Maqāṣid-based reasoning in contemporary legal thought, especially in contexts where traditional fiqh encounters new social and political realities. The research concludes that while Maqāṣid theory complements traditional jurisprudence, it also offers a holistic and ethically driven framework for legal reform and contextual application of Islamic law.