نابینا کے احکام : فقہ اسلامی میں تحقیقی مطالعہ

Rules for the Blind: A Research Study in Islamic Fiqh

Abstract

The Almighty Allah has created humans with faculties such as sight to perceive the world, gain knowledge, and distinguish between right and wrong. However, some individuals are deprived of this blessing, i.e., they are blind. This study focuses on the rights, duties, and specific rulings for blind persons in light of Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), based on the Quran, Hadith, and classical jurists’ interpretations. It examines the term A‘ma in the Quran and discusses the religious obligations of blind individuals, including Salah (prayer), fasting, Zakat, Hajj, and Jihad. The study also analyzes their participation in congregational prayers, adherence to the Qibla, hearing the call to prayer (Adhan), learning the Quran, and leading prayers. Moreover, civil and legal matters such as testimony, transactions, inheritance, guardianship, and ethical treatment are explored. Islamic law provides accommodations to ensure that blind individuals can perform both religious and worldly duties effectively. This research highlights the inclusion, justice, and spiritual development of blind persons, ensuring that they have equal opportunities in worship, legal matters, and social life. By exploring jurisprudential rulings, the study demonstrates how Sharia ensures that blind individuals can live with dignity, fulfill their obligations, and attain divine reward, thereby safeguarding their rights and responsibilities in both spiritual and social life.