غزوات الرسول ﷺ في الفكر الاستشراقي عند وليم ميور: دراسة نقدية

The Ghazawat of the Prophet ﷺ in William Muir’s Orientalist Thought: A Critical Study

Abstract

This study critically examines the doubts raised by William Muir regarding the military expeditions (Ghazawat) of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. It analyzes the intellectual and methodological basis of Muir’s interpretations and evaluates his claims in light of authentic Islamic sources and historical context.The research outlines the significance of the Prophetic biography, introduces Muir’s missionary and colonial influences, and highlights weaknesses in his methodology, including selective use of sources and neglect of Qur’anic evidence. It also presents the perspectives of classical and modern Muslim scholars, emphasizing that the Prophet’s expeditions were primarily defensive and guided by ethical and legal principles.The study concludes that Muir’s views were shaped by orientalist bias rather than objective historical analysis, and that scholarly responses have effectively refuted these misconceptions.