قرآن کریم میں مذکور واقعہ ٔبلقیس و ذوالقرنین کےمناہجِ دعوت کاتقابلی جائزہ

A Comparative Analysis of the Methodologies of Da’wah in the Qur’anic Narratives of Queen Bilqis and Dhul-Qarnain

Abstract

The Qur’an is a comprehensive and universal divine text that is not limited to matters of belief and worship alone; rather, it provides holistic guidance for all dimensions of human life, including intellectual, moral, social and political spheres. Among its most significant sources of guidance are the Qur’anic narratives (Qasas al-Qur’an), which vividly portray the conduct, leadership styles, and da’wah methodologies of various nations, personalities, and rulers, thereby offering timeless lessons for humanity. In addition to the accounts of the Prophets (peace be upon them), the Qur’an presents narratives of non-prophetic figures whose approaches to leadership and da’wah hold profound instructional value. Among these, the Qur’anic accounts of Queen Bilqis and Dhul-Qarnain possess particular relevance for contemporary rulers and leaders. These narratives exemplify diverse yet complementary models of da’wah, leadership, wisdom, justice, and the ethical utilization of power and authority. Queen Bilqis embodies a model of rational, consultative, and prudent leadership, reaching the truth through intellect, deliberation, and diplomatic wisdom. In contrast, Dhul-Qarnain represents a monotheistic, powerful, just, compassionate, and globally influential leader who exercises authority to establish justice and safeguard the oppressed. Despite not being prophets, both figures adopt principled and effective methodologies of da’wah, demonstrating that the responsibility of inviting towards truth is not confined to prophets alone but extends to every capable individual according to their capacity. This article presents a comparative study of the da’wah methodologies reflected in the Qur’anic narratives of Queen Bilqis and Dhul-Qarnain, highlighting their enduring relevance for the modern age. It aims to emphasize that regardless of differences in circumstances, resources, or forms of authority, the obligation of da’wah remains a shared, universal, and continuous responsibility—particularly for those entrusted with leadership and power.