موسمیاتی تبدیلی کے چیلنجز اور اسلامی تعلیماتِ حفاظت فطرت (حفاظتِ ماحول) کا تقابلی مطالعہ

"Challenges of Climate Change and a Comparative Study of Islamic Teachings on Environmental Protection"

Abstract

Climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing global challenges of the 21st century, posing serious threats to ecosystems, human livelihoods, and socio-economic stability. Its consequences, including extreme weather events, rising temperatures, water scarcity, and biodiversity loss, have become increasingly evident across the globe. Muslim societies, like others, are experiencing these environmental impacts, yet the strategies for mitigation and adaptation are often limited by socio-economic, political, and infrastructural challenges. This research explores the intersection between contemporary climate change issues and Islamic teachings on environmental stewardship, aiming to provide a comparative analysis that highlights both the ethical foundations and practical applications of environmental protection within Islam.

Islamic sources, including the Qur’an and Hadith, emphasize the moral and spiritual responsibilities of humans as stewards (khalifah) of the Earth. Principles such as avoiding wastefulness, preserving natural resources, respecting biodiversity, and ensuring equitable use of resources align closely with modern sustainability concepts. For example, the Qur’anic injunctions against corruption and mischief in the land underscore the importance of maintaining ecological balance, while Hadith literature highlights the virtues of tree planting, water conservation, and compassion toward animals. These religious teachings provide a comprehensive ethical framework that complements contemporary scientific understanding of environmental protection and sustainable resource management.

The study employs a qualitative approach, analyzing primary Islamic texts alongside secondary scholarly literature on environmental ethics, climate change, and sustainability. It identifies areas of convergence between Islamic principles and modern environmental strategies, demonstrating that religious guidance can reinforce behavioral and policy-oriented responses to climate change. Additionally, the research examines challenges within Muslim societies, such as population pressures, industrial development without environmental safeguards, limited environmental awareness, and inadequate implementation of ecological policies.

The findings suggest that integrating Islamic ethical principles into educational curricula, community programs, and policy-making can enhance environmental awareness and promote responsible stewardship. By fostering a holistic approach that combines scientific knowledge, moral guidance, and social responsibility, Muslim societies can develop culturally relevant and effective strategies for mitigating the effects of climate change. The study concludes that sustainable environmental protection is not only a scientific and policy imperative but also a religious and moral obligation, with Islamic teachings offering valuable insights to address contemporary ecological crises.