The Role of Angels and Spiritual Beings across Abrahamic Traditions: A Comparative Analysis of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

Abstract

Angels and spiritual beings have an important role in the revealed religions. These are considered intermediaries between the God and human realms in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. This study highlights the different roles of these entities in Abrahamic Faiths which have been mainly discussed in the holy books, their interpretations and theological discourses.  Angels like Michael and Gabriel are shown as messengers, protectors and agents of divine Judgment in Judaism. These are additionally explained by mystical and rabbinic tradition. In Christianity, their role is as divine worshipers, protectors, and participants in cosmic battles. These are mentioned in the narratives of the annunciation, the Resurrection and revelation. Angel like Jibreel (AS) has the central role in Islamic theology, who conveyed the final book of God (Holy Qur’an) to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The theological discussions in Islam highlight angels’ obedience, roles in human accountability and cosmic order. The comparative analysis explore different roles of angels like fallen in Christianity, the seraphim and cherubim in Judiam and the role of spiritual beings like jinn in Islam. The study explores the commonalities and distinctions in the Abrahamic religions. These understandings show how God’s intermediaries manifest God’s will across Abrahamic religions which are beneficial for mutual appreciation among faiths and developing interfaith dialogue.